Geologic hazards are naturally-occurring phenomena capable of causing loss or damage.
Risk is the potential to a negative consequence that exposure to the hazard will lead. Risk may be as loss of life or economic loss.
Examples:
Nepal has a number of faults that may produce earthquakes anytime. Some of these faults are located in populated regions, so the people in those areas at Risk while other faults located in remote areas with few peoples and structures. The hazard may be the same for the two different areas but the regional risk differs because the potential impact is greater in the more populated area.
Town A and Town B are right next to the same earthquake fault. They have the same earthquake hazard. But they don't have the same risk, because Town A has buildings built to withstand earthquake ground shaking and Town B does not. If you are Town B, you have two things you can do to reduce your risk of being hurt or killed in an earthquake. You can build to withstand earthquake ground shaking or you can move high. High earthquake hazard does not mean high risk. Also, while you can’t change the underlying earthquake hazard, you can reduce earthquake risk by managing the built environment.
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