Nepal: Geology and Geography

  Mineral Resources of Nepal •         Mineral deposits in Nepal Himalaya are controlled by particular geological conditions and tectonics. •         Till the date, economic potential of 63 mineral commodities from Nepal have been established (DMG 2004,2011) •         The geological processes that are responsible for concentration of these diffused elements/ scattered minerals into economic deposits are magmatic concentration, sublimation, contact metasomatism, hydrothermal processes, sedimentation, evaporation, residual and mechanical concentration, surficial oxidation and supergene enrichment and metamorphism. •         Some metallogenic provinces have been recognized within Nepal as uranium, copper-lead-zinc, tin-tungsten molybdenum, nickel-cobalt, goldiron- copper sulphides, magnesite-talc, limestone-dolomite, precious-semipreciou...

  List of geological maps different parts of Nepal . Geological Map of Nepal Geological Maps Of Seven Provinces, Nepal Geological Map of Kathmandu Area and Central Mahabharat Range (Stocklin and Bhattarai, 1980) Photogeological Map of Central Nepal (Stocklin and Bhattarai, 1982). Geological maps of 1:50,000  of different parts of Nepal published by DMG. Engineering Geological and Environmental maps of different cities of Nepal published by DMG. Mineral Resources map of Nepal Epicenter map of Nepal Himalaya

 Download    Download  Download . DIPS is a stereographic projection software used primarily in geotechnical engineering and geosciences for the analysis and presentation of orientation-based data. It is widely used to interpret and visualize structural data, such as joints, faults, and bedding planes, in rock formations. It is developed by Rocscience . Key features of DIPS include: Stereographic Projections : The software allows users to plot geological data on stereonets for detailed structural analysis. Orientation Analysis : It facilitates the analysis and presentation of orientation-based data such as the dip and strike of planes and the trends and plunges of lineations. Visualization Tools : DIPS provides visualization of vectors, density contours, plane intersections, and traverses, making it easier to interpret geological structures. Geotechnical Applications : It's particularly useful in projects involving slope stability, tunnel design, rock mechanics, and...

  Exploration for dolomite was not much emphasized in the past due to either absence of dolomite base industries or its small likely requirement in the industries. ln many cases the carbonate rocks when searched as the cement grade limestone as raw material for cement industry, the associating dolomite were discarded as undesirable ingredient. Hence their documentation has not been properly made and real situation of the dolomite still remain obscure except in one case like the identification of 4.2 million tons of good quality dolomite in the Udaypur Limestone deposit.(Mineral Resources of Nepal,2023) For many limestone resources examined in the past, assessment in terms of identifying industrial dolomite is either lacking or with sketchy data. Recently the Department of Mines and Geology for the industrial dolomite in Dhading, Arghakhachi and Baitadi regions to fulfill the emerging demands in the paint, soap and detergent industries. To date good quality dolomites are observed ...

  Seismic Survey Suitable for mapping of layered sedimentary sequences Widely used in search of oil and gas. Small scale mapping of near surface sedimentary layers , location of water table,  Site investigation of foundation conditions (including depth of bedrock). In engineering site investigation, Vp and Vs measurement for near surface layers allows direct calculation of Poisson's ratio and estimation of elastic moduli, which provides valuable information on in situ geotechnical properties. Offshore geological surveys Refraction Reflection ( most widely used geophysical technique) Large/regional scale experiments for study of the entire crust or lithosphere. Estimation of depth of bedrock in foundation site investigation. In engineering purpose, derive relation between velocity and hardness of rock for quarrying operations, nature of landfill materials. Exploration of underground water in conjunction with resistivity methods (as there is a large difference in velocity of dry...

Granites are distributed in three parallel belts in Nepal Himalaya 1.      Paleozoic Granites ·        They are  Cambro-Ordovician age. ·        They are found in thrust sheets of Lesser Himalaya, Kathmandu Nappe and Dadeldhura Nappe. ·        The granites are made up of biotite-rich and tourmaline-rich varieties . ·        They are closely associated with the adjacent gneisses, which display a similar mineral composition. ·        Several concordant, tabular granite bodies, up to 200 m thick, are intruded. ·        Some well-known bodies are Palung Granite, Agra Granite, Dadeldhura Granite   2.      Higher Himalaya Leucogranites ·        They are of Tertiary age and occur as several plutons, very many dikes, and veins. ·  ...

  A south to north profile across the Himalaya shows the following physiographic division: . • Terai • Siwalik Range  with dun valleys • Mahabharat Range • Midlands • Fore Himalaya • Great Himalaya • Inner Himalayan valleys • Tibetan marginal ranges.   SN Geomorphic Unit Width (km) Altitudes (m) Main Rock Types Main processes for landform development 1 Terai 20-50 100-200 Alluvium: coarse gravels in the north near the foot of the mountains, gradually becoming finer southward River deposition, erosion and tectonic upliftment 2 Churia Range (Siwaliks) 10-50 200-1300 Sandstone, mudstone, shale and conglomerate. Tectonic upliftment, erosion, and slope failure 3 Dun Valleys 5-30 200-300 Valleys within the Churia Hills filled up by coarse to ...